{"id":15529,"date":"2020-11-29T14:59:00","date_gmt":"2020-11-29T07:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/poultryindonesia.com\/?p=15529"},"modified":"2020-11-29T14:59:55","modified_gmt":"2020-11-29T07:59:55","slug":"aktivitas-biologi-protein-telur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.poultryindonesia.com\/id\/aktivitas-biologi-protein-telur\/","title":{"rendered":"Aktivitas Biologi Protein Telur"},"content":{"rendered":"<h6><strong>Oleh: Prof. Dr. Ir. Ismoyowati, S.Pt, M.P*<\/strong><\/h6>\n<h6>Telur memiliki zat bioaktif yang terdapat pada kuning dan putih telurnya. Komponen bioaktif yang diturunkan dari telur diantaranya ovalbumin, ovomusin, ovotransferin, lisozim, sistatin, IgY, dan turunan asam sialat. Zat bioaktif tersebut memiliki aktivitas antivirus yang efektif, khususnya terhadap virus gasteroenterik. Aktivitas biologi lainnya yaitu untuk mengendalikan mikroorganisme dengan berperan sebagai antimikroba untuk makanan. Aktivitas tersebut terdapat pada ovomucoid. Pada aspek nutrisi, ovotransferin memiliki fungsi yang mirip dengan laktoferin dalam susu, keduanya memiliki fungsi menangkap dan mensuplai zat besi. Aktivitas biologi protein putih telur dan peptide turunan lainnya terdapat pada Tabel 1.<\/h6>\n<h6><strong>Tabel 1. Aktivitas biologi protein putih telur dan peptide turunannya<\/strong><\/h6>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6><strong>Protein <\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6><strong>Aktivitas biologi <\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6><strong>Referensi<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>Ovalbumin<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antioksidan<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Huang <em>et al.<\/em> (2012)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antimikroba<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Pellegrini <em>et al.<\/em> (2004)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antikanker<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Fan <em>et al.<\/em> (2003); Goldberg <em>et al.<\/em> (2003); He <em>et al.<\/em> (2003);<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Immunomodulator<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Rupa <em>et al.<\/em> (2015); Vidovic <em>et al.<\/em> (2002)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>Ovotransferin<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antioksidan<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Kim <em>et al.<\/em> (2012)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antihipertensif<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Majumder and Wu (2010, 2011)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antimikroba<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Moon <em>et al.<\/em>(2012)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antikanker<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<h6>Ibrahim dan Kiyono (2009); Lee <em>et al.<\/em> (2017a);<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<h6>Moon <em>et al.<\/em> (2012,2013)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Immunomodulator<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Huang <em>et al.<\/em> (2010); Lee <em>et al.<\/em> (2018); Majumder <em>et al.<\/em> (2013);<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>Lysozyme<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antihipertensif<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Yoshii <em>et al.<\/em> (2001)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antimikroba<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Mine <em>et al.<\/em> (2004); Pellegrini <em>et al.<\/em> (2000)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antikanker<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Mahanta <em>et al.<\/em> (2015)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Immunomodulator<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Ha <em>et al.<\/em> (2013)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>Cystatine<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antimikroba<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Blankenvoorde <em>et al.<\/em> (1996)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antikanker<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Cegnar <em>et al.<\/em> (2004);Saleh <em>et al.<\/em> (2003)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Immunomodulator<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Kato <em>et al.<\/em> (2000)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>Avidin<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antimikroba<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Korpela <em>et al.<\/em> (1984)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antikanker<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Corti <em>et al.<\/em> (1998); Gasparri <em>et al.<\/em> (1999)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>Ovomucin<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antimikroba<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Kobayashi <em>et al.<\/em> (2004)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Antikanker<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Oguro <em>et al.<\/em> (2000)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<h6>Immunomodulator<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Sun <em>et al.<\/em> (2016)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h6>Pada kuning telur, salah satu protein terpentingnya yaitu phosvitin. Protein ini memiliki asam amino yang yang unik yaitu lebih dari 55% asam amino adalah residu serin dan sebagian besar adalah monoesterifikasi dengan asam fosfat (Zhu <em>et al.<\/em> 2007). Struktur primer dari protein ini juga menjadikannya salah satu agen pengikat logam terkuat dengan ion logam bermuatan positif, yaitu Fe (II), Fe (III), Co (II), Mn (II), Ca (II) dan Mg (II), atau dengan kata lain menunjukkan adanya khelasi. Hal tersebut menunjukan phosvitin memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat dan tahan terhadap enzim proteolitik (Mine and Kovacs-Nolan 2006). Beberapa aktivitas biologi dari protein kuning telur dan peptida turunannya terdapat pada Tabel 2.<\/h6>\n<h6><strong>Tabel 2. Aktivitas biologi protein kuning telur dan peptide turunannya<\/strong><\/h6>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<h6><strong>Protein<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">\n<h6><strong>Aktivitas Biologi<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6><strong>Referensi<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<h6>Phosvitin<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">\n<h6>Antioksidan<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Katayama <em>et al.<\/em> (2006); Sakanaka <em>et al.<\/em> (2004); Xu <em>et al.<\/em> (2007)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">\n<h6>Khelasi logam berat<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Castellani <em>et al.<\/em> (2004)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">\n<h6>Antimikroba<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Khan <em>et al.<\/em> (2000); Ma <em>et al.<\/em> (2013)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">\n<h6>Antikanker<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Moon <em>et al.<\/em> (2014)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">\n<h6>Immunomodulator<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Hu <em>et al.<\/em> (2013); Lee <em>et al.<\/em> (2017b); Ma <em>et al.<\/em> (2013); Xu <em>et al.<\/em> (2012)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<h6>IgY<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">\n<h6>Antikanker<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Amirijavid and Hashemi (2015); Amirijavid <em>et al.<\/em> (2014)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<h6>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">\n<h6>Immunomodulator<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Li <em>et al.<\/em> (2016)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<h6>Livetin<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">\n<h6>Immunomodulator<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"382\">\n<h6>Meram dan Wu (2017)<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h6>Zat aktif pada kuning telur lainnya seperti lipoprotein kuning telur merupakan prekursor protein peptida dengan aktivitas biologis yaitu regulasi protein darah, netralisasi toksin, regulasi adhesi sel, dan penghambatan sitolisis sel. Lipoprotein pada kuning telur memiliki aktivitas antimikroba yang dimediasi lipid. Suplementasi kuning telur dapat menghambat kolonisasi beberapa bakteri seperti <em>Salmonella typhimurium<\/em>, <em>Campylobacter jejuni<\/em>, dan <em>Escherichia coli<\/em> O157: H7 dalam organ internal (Abdou <em>et al.<\/em> 2013). Efek tersebut disebabkan karena adanya faktor antiadhesif kuning telur (Kassaify <em>et al<\/em>. 2005).<\/h6>\n<h6><strong>Baca Juga:&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/poultryindonesia.com\/mitos-keamanan-pangan-daging-ayam-dan-telur\/\">Mitos Keamanan Pangan Daging Ayam dan Telur<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<h6>Plasma kuning telur juga mengandung fraksi livetin yang tersusun atas protein globular bebas lipid, yaitu \u03b1-, \u03b2- dan \u03b3-livetin. Di antara protein dari fraksi livetin, yang paling penting adalah \u03b3-livetin, atau disebut juga sebagai imunoglobulin Y (Mine dan Kovacs-Nolan 2006). Protein ini memberikan aktivitas imunomodulator yang sama seperti imunoglobulin G. Imunoglobulin kuning telur merupakan peptida kompleks yang menunjukkan sifat imunostimulasi, disebut yolkin. Yolkin memiliki aktivitas imunologis yang signifikan melalui stimulasi respon imun tertentu (Lee <em>et al<\/em>. 2002).<\/h6>\n<h6>Berdasarkan kumpulan hasil studi tersebut membuktikan bahwa kandungan protein utama dalam putih telur terdiri dari ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, ovomucoid, lisozim, dan ovomucin; Kandungan protein kuning telur meliputi phosvitin, IgY dan livetin memiliki aktivitas immunomodulatori yang potensial. Kandungan protein tersebut juga memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan pada industri makanan sebagai <em>immunomodulatory food<\/em> maupun pada bidang farmakologi<strong>.*Dekan Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Jenderal Soedirman.<\/strong><\/h6>\n<h6><em>Artikel ini adalah kutipan dari artikel lengkap yang telah dimuat di Majalah Poultry Indonesia Edisi November 2020 dengan judul \u201c<\/em><strong>Potensi Telur sebagai Pemacu Sistem Imun di Masa Kenormalan Baru<\/strong><em>\u201d.&nbsp;Untuk berlangganan atau informasi lebih lanjut silahkan mengirim email ke: sirkulasi@poultryindonesia.com atau hubungi 021-62318153<\/em><\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oleh: Prof. Dr. Ir. Ismoyowati, S.Pt, M.P* Telur memiliki zat bioaktif yang terdapat pada kuning dan putih telurnya. Komponen bioaktif yang diturunkan dari telur diantaranya ovalbumin, ovomusin, ovotransferin, lisozim, sistatin, IgY, dan turunan asam sialat. Zat bioaktif tersebut memiliki aktivitas antivirus yang efektif, khususnya terhadap virus gasteroenterik. Aktivitas biologi lainnya yaitu untuk mengendalikan mikroorganisme dengan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15530,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[11],"tags":[164,554,1043,606],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v16.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.poultryindonesia.com\/id\/aktivitas-biologi-protein-telur\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Aktivitas Biologi Protein Telur | Poultry Indonesia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Oleh: Prof. Dr. Ir. Ismoyowati, S.Pt, M.P* Telur memiliki zat bioaktif yang terdapat pada kuning dan putih telurnya. Komponen bioaktif yang diturunkan dari telur diantaranya ovalbumin, ovomusin, ovotransferin, lisozim, sistatin, IgY, dan turunan asam sialat. Zat bioaktif tersebut memiliki aktivitas antivirus yang efektif, khususnya terhadap virus gasteroenterik. 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