{"id":23221,"date":"2024-04-12T12:21:06","date_gmt":"2024-04-12T05:21:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.poultryindonesia.com\/?p=23221"},"modified":"2024-04-04T12:28:05","modified_gmt":"2024-04-04T05:28:05","slug":"teka-teki-inclusion-body-hepatitis-pada-unggas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.poultryindonesia.com\/id\/teka-teki-inclusion-body-hepatitis-pada-unggas\/","title":{"rendered":"Teka-Teki Inclusion Body Hepatitis pada Unggas"},"content":{"rendered":"<h6><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fowl Adenovirus (FAdV) merupakan jenis virus yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai penyakit pada unggas, diantaranya Hydropericardium Syndrome (HHS), infeksi saluran pernapasan pada ayam, bronkitis pada puyuh, Inclusion Body Hepatitis (IBH), dan Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion (AGE). Secara penggolongan serotipe, IBH termasuk kedalam serotipe FAdV-2, FAdV-11 (spesies <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fowl aviadenovirus D<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) dan FAdV-8a dan FAdV-8b (spesies <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fowl aviadenovirus E<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), sementara HHS termasuk FAdV-4, serta AGE termasuk dalam FAdV-1 (Kumar <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2013; Schachner <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2018; Wibowo <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2019; Silaen <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2020).&nbsp;<\/span><\/h6>\n<blockquote class=\"td_pull_quote td_pull_center\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><i>Inclusion Body Hepatitis merupakan salah satu penyakit yang ditimbulkan oleh FAdV dan menjadi penyakit prioritas pada berbagai negara karena menimbulkan kematian yang sangat cepat dan kerugian ekonomi yang cukup tinggi <\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h6><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inclusion Body Hepatitis telah menjangkit unggas di seluruh dunia dan dapat menimbulkan kematian secara tiba-tiba selama dua dekade terakhir ini. Inclusion Body Hepatitis telah menjadi ancaman serius bagi beberapa negara seperti Cina, India, Korea, Kanada, Amerika Serikat, Jepang, Pakistan, dan Hungaria karena menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi yang sangat tinggi. Spesies unggas yang dapat terjangkit Aviadenovirus diantaranya ayam, angsa, itik, dan kalkun (Silaen <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2020). Infeksi Adenovirus tersebar luas pada unggas yang diternakan secara komersial dan memiliki rentang virulensi yang luas. Jenis ayam yang banyak terjangkit Adenovirus di berbagai negara yaitu broiler, walaupun layer dan breeder juga dapat terjangkit Adenovirus (Chandra <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2000; Wibowo <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2019).&nbsp;<\/span><\/h6>\n<h6><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp;Unggas yang mati akibat IBH menunjukan kerusakan yang masif pada hati. Secara anatomis, hati dari ayam yang positif terinfeksi IBH menunjukan pembesaran, rapuh, serta terdapat spot-spot petekie. Perbesaran pada hati ditandai dengan tepi hati yang terlihat tumpul (Mirzazadeh <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2020). Temuan lainnya menunjukan adanya eksudat fibrinosa pada hati (Mitra <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 1996). Perubahan hati yang terlihat secara mikroskopis yaitu nekrotik hepatitis dan ditemukannya badan inklusi intraseluler basofilik dan eosinofilik pada hepatosit (Kumar <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al., <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2013).&nbsp;<\/span><\/h6>\n<h6><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inclusion Body Hepatitis menyebabkan kematian sekitar 2\u201311% dan morbiditas 80% umumnya pada ayam umur 1\u20137 minggu, namun kasus <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">outbreak <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">kematian sebesar 30% juga pernah dilaporkan pada ayam umur 10 minggu (Hess, 2013; Kumar <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2013; Schachner <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2018; Mirzazadeh <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2020). Kematian yang tajam dalam waktu singkat dapat dikaitkan dengan terganggunya metabolisme akibat adanya badan inklusi adenovirus di hati, pankreas, dan usus. Broiler akan mengalami hipoglikemia, metabolik asidosis, dan hipokalsemia (Goodwin <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 1993; Venne dan Chorfi, 2012; Schachner <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2018).<\/span><\/h6>\n<h6><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Berbicara mengenai patogenisitas jenis FAdV, jika dibandingkan dengan HHS, IBH memiliki patogenisitas yang lebih rendah dibandingkan HHS. Walaupun secara gejala klinis IBH dan HHS memiliki kemiripan (Schachner <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2018). Ayam yang terinfeksi IBH menunjukan gejala klinis berupa menurunnya laju pertumbuhan, penurunan nafsu makan, anemia, depresi, lemas, bulu yang kusam dan tidak beraturan, serta diare dengan warna feses kekuningan atau kehijauan atau keputihan. Gejala klinis tersebut umumnya timbul sangat cepat. Periode waktu inkubasi IBH yaitu 1\u20132 hari, sementara lesio pada hati akan timbul 1\u20132 hari setelah infeksi (Steer <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2015).&nbsp;<\/span><\/h6>\n<h6><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Secara patologis, selain mengalami perubahan pada hati, ayam yang terinfeksi IBH juga mengalami perubahan pada ginjal, pankreas, usus, bursa Fabricius, limpa, gizzard, dan otot. Ginjal mengalami pembesaran dan spot-spot petekie maupun adanya penumpukan asam urat (Wibowo <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2019; Mirzazadeh <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2020). Pankreas mengalami perubahan warna, atrofi, petekie, dan nekrosis (Grimes <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 1978; Schachner <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2018). Hemoragi terjadi pada berbagai organ seperti limpa, usus, otot, gizzard, dan bursa Fabricius (Wibowo <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., 2019).<\/span><\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6>Artikel ini merupakan potongan dari rubrik Kesehatan pada majalah Poultry Indonesia edisi April 2024. Baca selengkapnya di <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.poultryindonesia.com\/id\/majalah-poultry\/\">Majalah Poultry Indonesia Edisi April 2024<\/a><\/span>, dan untuk berlangganan atau informasi lebih lanjut, hubungi: 021-62318153 atau sirkulasi@poultryindonesia.com<\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fowl Adenovirus (FAdV) merupakan jenis virus yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai penyakit pada unggas, diantaranya Hydropericardium Syndrome (HHS), infeksi saluran pernapasan pada ayam, bronkitis pada puyuh, Inclusion Body Hepatitis (IBH), dan Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion (AGE). Secara penggolongan serotipe, IBH termasuk kedalam serotipe FAdV-2, FAdV-11 (spesies Fowl aviadenovirus D) dan FAdV-8a dan FAdV-8b (spesies Fowl aviadenovirus E), [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":23222,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[10,8],"tags":[227,1255,223],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v16.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.poultryindonesia.com\/id\/teka-teki-inclusion-body-hepatitis-pada-unggas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Teka-Teki Inclusion Body Hepatitis pada Unggas | Poultry Indonesia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Fowl Adenovirus (FAdV) merupakan jenis virus yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai penyakit pada unggas, diantaranya Hydropericardium Syndrome (HHS), infeksi saluran pernapasan pada ayam, bronkitis pada puyuh, Inclusion Body Hepatitis (IBH), dan Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion (AGE). Secara penggolongan serotipe, IBH termasuk kedalam serotipe FAdV-2, FAdV-11 (spesies Fowl aviadenovirus D) dan FAdV-8a dan FAdV-8b (spesies Fowl aviadenovirus E), [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.poultryindonesia.com\/id\/teka-teki-inclusion-body-hepatitis-pada-unggas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Poultry Indonesia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/PoultryIndonesiaOfficial\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-04-12T05:21:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-04-04T05:28:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.poultryindonesia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Gambar-1-Lesi-IBH-pada-Hati-dan-Ginjal-Broiler-Sumber-Gambar_-Kumar-et-al.-2013.png?fit=1574%2C656&#038;ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1574\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" 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