Indonesia’s poultry logistics system requires an integrated approach to bridge gaps in time, location, temperature, and costs across the supply chain.
When we hear the word “logistics,” many of us still assume that it is limited to transporting goods from one place to another. However, according to the Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI), the Indonesian dictionary, logistics actually encompasses a much broader scope. It includes the procurement, maintenance, distribution, and provision of equipment, supplies, and labor.
Furthermore, Presidential Regulation No. 26 of 2012 concerning the National Logistics System Development Blueprint provides a more detailed definition of logistics. It describes logistics as part of the supply chain that manages the flow of goods, information, and money, from procurement and warehousing to transportation, distribution, and delivery services. All these processes must meet consumers’ requirements in terms of product type, quality, quantity, timing, and destination, while ensuring safety, effectiveness, and efficiency from origin to destination.
In the poultry industry, logistics can be likened to a connecting thread that links the lengthy supply chain into one integrated system, particularly for two major commercial poultry commodities: broilers and layers.
Upstream, production inputs such as feed ingredients, finished feed, day-old chicks (DOC), and other production equipment are manufactured to support poultry farming operations. Downstream, once broilers have completed their rearing period, they are transported live to slaughterhouses, stored in cold storage facilities, and subsequently distributed. Meanwhile, in the layer sector, the supply chain continues with egg collection, packaging, and distribution following the production process.
Given the length and interconnected nature of the poultry supply chain, disruptions at one point can affect other stages. Conversely, smooth logistics operations enable production to proceed without interruptions. Ultimately, this improves the efficiency and competitiveness of the entire poultry industry while reducing unnecessary costs that could otherwise erode business margins or increase prices for end consumers.
Key Components Supporting the Logistics System
According to Prof. Dr. Tomy Perdana, S.P., M.M., Professor of Agribusiness Logistics at Universitas Padjadjaran, an effective logistics system rests on four interconnected components: infrastructure, logistics services, actors (business operators), and governance.
These four components encompass physical infrastructure such as roads, ports, warehouses, and airports; transportation, warehousing, and cold chain services; stakeholders throughout the supply chain; and regulations and policies governing the system. When all four components operate in harmony, logistics efficiency can be achieved.
However, this ideal framework has yet to be fully realized in Indonesia’s poultry sector. Logistics has only gained more explicit attention in government policies in recent years, including through efforts to strengthen food logistics systems and cold chains.
“Changes are also evident at the national policy level through Presidential Regulation No. 41 of 2026 concerning the Strengthening of the National Logistics System, which provides a new framework for national logistics development and incorporates cold chains as part of efforts to strengthen the system,” Tomy said during an online discussion on Saturday (August 29).
This policy framework is important because logistics challenges are not limited to individual businesses but also involve connectivity between regions. As an archipelagic nation, Indonesia has production and consumption centers that are not always located in the same areas.
Feed production facilities and cold chain infrastructure remain concentrated in Java. Meanwhile, efficiency challenges are also closely linked to the selection of transportation modes. A multimodal transportation system combining railways, trucks, and sea freight needs to be designed by taking into account distance, costs, delivery times, and potential product losses during transportation.
This article is an excerpt from the Special Report section of the September 2026 edition of Poultry Indonesia magazine. Read the full article in the September 2026 edition of Poultry Indonesia magazine
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